Wednesday, 8 June 2016

ENERGY CONSERVATION PART 3





                                                            Image source                                                  

ENERGY CONSERVATION PART 3

CONTINUING WITH ENERGY CONSERVATION ACTIONS GIVEN I WILL DEAL ON VARIOUS ENERGY CONSERVATION EQUIPMENT AND GADGETS AVAILABLE ON LINE OR IN MARKET .NOW  IF THEY ARE PROCURED AND THEY ARE INSTALLED THEN YOUR CONTRIBUTION TO ENERGY CONSERVATION WILL BE EFFECTIVE AND YOUR POWER COSTS WILL REDUCE CONSIDERABLY.
THE MOST COMMON NEED OF ALL OF US TODAY IS LIGHTING IN OUR HOMES,OFFICES, STREET LIGHTS AND VARIOUS OTHER AREAS THAT NEED ILLUMINATION EITHER IN DAYTIME OR AT NIGHT.
HENCE I AM GIVING BELOW SOME DETAILS OF HOW WE CAN CONSERVE ENERGY AS WELL AS REDUCE OUR MONTHLY POWER BILLS BY ONE TIME INVESTMENT WHICH WILL PAY BACK IN SHORT TIME  IF THE LAMPS ARE PROCURED AT DISCOUNTED PRICES.

LIGHTING.

LED LAMPS GIVE GOOD ILLUMINATION AND CAN REPLACE 40WATT   TUBE LIGHTS  IN HOMES /OFFICES OR OTHER INDOOR AREAS  AS .AGAINST 55WATT CONSUMED BY A 40 WATT TUBE LIGHT( INCLUDING NORMAL CHOKE) TWO LED LAMPS OF 9WATT/12WATT  RATING  WILL GIVE  NEAR MATCHING ILLUMINATION OF THE TUBE LIGHT.AND THE RESULTANT POWER CONSUMED WILL BE VERY MUCH LESS GIVING MONTHLY SAVINGS ON POWER. 

ALSO AN LED LAMP HAS A SPECIFIED LIFE OF 20,000HRS AGAINST MUCH LESS OF OTHER LAMPS.
DEPENDING ON ROOM SIZE DIFFERENT CAPACITY LED  LAMPS ARE AVAILABLE OF LOWER WATTAGE AND CAN BE SELECTED AND FIXED AS PER NEEDS DEPENDING ON SIZE OF ROOM AND LUX  LEVEL NEEDED IN THE ROOM.
GIVEN BELOW ARE RANGE OF LAMPS AVAILABLE ON LINE WHICH ARE DRASTICALLY CHEAPER THAN AVAILABLE IN THE MARKET AND I ADVISE YOU PLACE ORDER ON LINE AND GET DELIVERY AT YOU DOORSTEP.  IF YOU CLICK ON THE IMAGES BELOW YOU WILL GET DETAIL OF THE LAMPS AND YOU CAN ALSO PLACE ORDERS ON LINE.  
  IF YOU GO TO THE SITE YOU MAY ALSO SEE OTHER BETTER OFFERS AND DECIDE ON THE MOST ECONOMICAL AND SUITED FOR YOUR REQUIREMENTS.              
                                                          
        
              
     
ONLY CLICK ON THESE IMAGES TO ORDER YOUR NEEDS OF LED LAMPS.


Crompton Greaves 7 W L ED Bulb

CONTINUING WITH  GADGETS AND EQUIPMENT THAT HELP CONSERVE  ENERGY  AND REDUCE  EXPENSES  ON  POWER CONSUMPTION  USED FOR  AIR CONDITIONING  WHICH IS A MAJOR  PART OF POWER BILLS IN COMMERCIAL  AND RESIDENTIAL  PREMISES.
BEFORE SUGGESTING THE EQUIPMENT  FOR AIR CONDITIONING  AND BRIEF WRITE UP ON WHAT IS COMFORT COOLING FOLLOWS.
COMFORT COOLING DONE BY AIR CONDITIONING.
Conditioning of the properties of air viz temperature and humidity by external  factors is referred to Air Conditioning. It is mainly done for comfort  cooling in places  where people reside , work,study,travel,relax, or spend leisure time to get comfort  from the ambient high temperature or humidity due to weather or working conditions.
Air conditioning  gives an ambience that enables the persons present to be very comfortable that helps to concentrate and put it more effort in whatever is being done.
When providing  Air conditioning for any closed area,energy  conservation  can be achieved by the following  actions.
HOW TO  ENSURE ENERGY  CONSERVATION IN COMFORT COOLING.
1)Make a list of all the heat loads in the room whether  occupied  by number of persons or equipment like motors,computers, printers,xerox machines, microwave equipment, tea coffee machines, etc etc.
2)Check that the room/premises does not have any leakages for air and the sunlight is prevented  if direct on glazing  by Sun Control film.
3)Calculate the volume  of the room or enclosed  space and get an Air  Conditioning expert to decide  on the Tonnage needed to provide  comfort  cooling  after he also is given  the total heat loads of the room.
4)Select only energy  efficient  Air conditioning  equipment  with ERR. Rating closer to 5 to save on energy  consumption and power  costs on an ongoing  benefit.THIS RATING IS GIVEN IN STARS FROM 1TO 5.
Energy  Efficiency  of an air conditioner depends on two factors ie Cooling  Capacity (in BTU ) and Power  Consumption  (in Watts)
1Ton cooling capacity  should  be 12000BTUs&1.5 Tons 1800BTUs
                                                                                          
SHOWN BELOW ARE FEW 5STAR RATED AIR CONDITIONERS AVAILABLE AT COMPETETIVE PRICES FROM AMAZON AND YOU MAY CONSIDER THEM IF YOU ARE PLANNING TO INSTAL NEW AIR CONDITIONERS GETTING HOME DELVERY.
ONLY CLICK ON THE IMAGE BELOW AND ALL THE DETAILS WILL BE OBTAINED HOW TO ORDER ETC.

             

Monday, 6 June 2016

ENERGY CONSERVATION PART ONE

               



                                                               Image 
ENERGY CONSERVATION
PART ONE.  
1) What is Energy?
2) Need for Energy Conservation.
3) Sources of Energy.
4) What is energy efficiency &how it contributes to energy conservation.
5) Why is Energy Conservation important?
1))ENERGY. Energy is the property of objects that can be transferred to other objects or converted into different forms available to perform work. Energy can be obtained from different resources and available in different forms such as below:
(a) Thermal energy obtained from  Fossil Fuels(coal,oil,gas,diesel,petrol etc)
(b)Electrical Energy (c) Nuclear energy (d) solar energy (e) Wind energy
(g)Geothermal energy (f)Hydro and Tidal energy from water etc.
ENERGY  CONSERVATION.
This term basically means reducing the usage or consumption of energy by curtailing the operation of the consuming equipment or by efficiently operating gadget or equipment while ensuring the same or better performance with reduced input of energy sources.
The results of energy conservation will be savings in cost of operations, better environment by reduction of carbon footprint, national security and will prevent future resource depletion along with many other advantages as will be seen ahead. By switching over to renewable sources like Solar &wind power etc will result in CO2 abatement a big benefit to the environment.
In order to know how and where energy conservation will give us the above benefits we need to know the sources of energy, how they are used and how conscious effective conservation efforts will bear the desired results. Mainly by reducing usage of fuels and looking for alternate sources of energy.
3) SOURCES OF ENERGY. The main  sources of energy  used around the world to produce  electricity which is the driving  force for most equipments  or gadgets  ranging from  manufacturing, transport, ,refrigeration, comfort cooling, communication  ,food processing, medical ,etc are as follows.
1. Thermal Energy from Fossil fuels (coal,oil,natural gas ,derivatives  of oil, etc)These fuels are sources of energy  that have  developed  within the earth over millions of years.Since they have taken so long to form they are considered  non renewable sources.



                                                                     Image source
 Picture shows Coal mining above ground. Mining underground isalso carried out on a large scale.


                                                            Image source 

Pictures show Oil Extraction using oil rigs on the high seas.

2)Solar power derives energy  of the Sun through  Solar  Panels  that can produce power .Solar  Energy  is now being harvested by many countries  with the aim of reducing dependence on non renewable  resources  that are getting depleted  day  by day. 


                                                     Image source
  
3) Wind energy. Wind energy  is the process  by which wind power is used to drive wind turbines to convert the kinetic energy  in the wind to  mechanical  power that is connected to a generator  to generate electricity .This power now generated can power residences ,businesses, education institutes  etc.Wind power of the wind mills can also be used for specific tasks like grinding of grain,pumping water, or other uses in farms. Wind power is getting  more  popular with use of wind mills on wind farms in order to reduce consumption  of fossil fuels as these fuels are not available at remote areas and transportation is difficult &expensive, and depleting.  

                    
                                                   Image Source
4) Geothermal Energy. It is the thermal energy generated and stored in the earth. Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of the matter. This energy  is clean and sustains itself and found at different locations  on the earth which  vary from hot rock and shallow  ground to hot water up to few kilometers  beneath  the earth's  surface. It is also available still deeper to very high temperatures of molten rock called Magma. The process of utilizing the thermal energy is to inject water to the high temperature zones through pipes that will get heated and the steam generated will be used to drive steam turbines that are connected to a generator that produces electricity.

 
 

                      Image Source                                                         Image Source               


5) Hydroelectric Energy. This form of energy  is obtained  from the potential energy in the water at an elevated level reservoir  is converted  to kinetic  energy  by gravitational force and is used to drive a water turbine that is connected to a generator to produce electricity. The water coming out of the turbine can be pumped back to the reservoir with a low powered electrical pump.

6) Tidal Energy. The power from tides also known as tidal power is also named Tidal Energy.
This is mainly hydro power as seen in image  that converts energy from tides to usable forms of power mainly electricity. It is still not of wide use but has a potential for generation of electricity useful to humanity. Tides are more predictable than wind or solar energy as per studies.
                  Image Source                                                              Image Source  

Ocean waves contain large amount of energy, which can be extracted through Ocean winds, Ocean currents, Ocean Geothermal etc. if the barrage is built across the river, electricity can be obtained by the flow of water through turbines as the tide rises and falls.
Wave energy or wave power is essentially power drawn from waves. When wind blows across the sea surface, it transfers the energy to the waves. They are powerful source of energy. The energy output is measured by wave speed, wave height, wavelength and water density.
Wave energy is produced when electricity generators are placed on the surface of the ocean. The energy provided is most often used in desalination plants, power plants and water pumps. Energy output is determined by wave height, wave speed, wavelength, and water density.

8)Biomass energy :Biomass is the plant and animal waste which is used as the energy. Biomass energy like manure from livestock, plant waste etc can also be used to generate electricity. We get biomass energy directly from plants and indirectly from the Sun.





4) What is Energy Efficiency and how it contributes to Energy   conservation.
Energy efficiency  is basically  the efficient  use of energy  with the aim of getting  a better  output with less amount of input energy.  Fuel ,electricity  or any other source of energy which  will result  in reduced  consumption  of the input energy  will   contribute to energy conservation.
For example  if a steam boiler is run with a very efficient  burner ensuring  perfect combustion of the fuel used whether  furnace oil, LDO etc then more heat input will be achieved  and the consumption  of fuel will be optimum  adding to energy conservation  compared to an inefficient  burner burning more fuel in a given time span with less heat output.



                                                                                                               
Energy efficiency  is  important in use of all forms of Energy.Hence engineers and scientists are working on improving the efficiency of all equipment and gadgets that use energy whether from fossil fuels,electricity,solar,wind etc or any other source as this will result in Energy Conservation which is the final objective.




CONTINUED  IN PART 2

Thursday, 26 May 2016

ENERGY CONSERVATION WITH ACTIONS ---PART 2 .







ENERGY  CONSERVATION  WITH  ACTIONS  PART--- 2

A)ENERGY  CONSERVATION   WHEN  USING FOSSIL  FUELS SUCH AS COAL,NATURAL GAS ,CRUDE OIL AND IT'S DERIVATIVES, OR OTHER FUEL.

B)ENERGY  CONSERVATION  USING ELECTRICITY. 


       
                                                                     Image source

A)Energy  Conservation  actions when using  fossil fuels including  coal ,natural  gas ,oil and it's derivatives.
These fuels are commonly  used in power plants  (coal, /natural gas),industry, transportation, manufacturing for furnaces ,boilers,chemical  plants etc and also  cooking ,baking etc etc
In each of these areas where fuel is used  the efficienct use of fuel will result in reduced consumption  and attribute to energy  conservation.
a)In the power plant sector energy  conservation  can be achieved  by switching  over to Nuclear  energy  for new power plants which will also reduce green house gas emissions helping the environment  as well reduce dependence  on coal or gas as normally used.

b)Industrial. Usage of fuel.In the industrial sectors including manufacturing 


                                                   Image source

where boilers,furnaces,kilns use liquid fuel or gas by using  high  efficiency combustion burners and efforts are made to ensure no wastage of fuel and ensuring minimum  heat losses take place by good insulation  the result will be energy  conservation in the equipment  operation.
  



BURNERS

                                                                                   



MINI BOILER   

                               



                                                       Image source.


c)In the manufacturing sector where equipment  like Boilers or Thermopacks are used in order to conserve energy by reducing fuel consumption  it is recommended  to have Mini boilers instead of one large capacity  boiler so that in 2nd and 3rd shifts when demand for steam is less the required no of mini boilers can be run to cater to the needs of the plant.
ACTIONS FOR ENERGY  CONSERVATION USING FOSSIL FUELS.
INSTALL  NUCLEAR  ENERGY RUN POWER PLANTS IN THE FUTURE
USE HIGH EFFICIENCY  COMBUSTION  EQUIPMENT LIKE BURNERS, AVOID  LEAKAGES OF FUEL, PROVIDE GOOD INSULATION TO EQUIPMENT TO AVOID HEAT LOSSES, AVOID STOPPING STARTING OF EQUIPMENT OFTEN  AND RUN AT FULL LOAD AS RATED.
INSTALL  SERIES OF MINI BOILERS INSTEAD  ONE LARGE CAPACITY  BOILERS TO CATER TO STAGGERED  LOAD REQUIREMENTS  OF THE PLANT IN 2ND & 3RD SHIFTS WHEN REQUIRED NOS OF MINI BOILERS  CAN BE RUN.



                                                                        Image source

c)Transportation  including  all type of vehicles  used on roads,sea,or air.
Today  most type of  transportation  whether  by land, sea or air uses  petrol,diesel,aviation fuel or gas etc for their engines that run the vehicle.
Engineers are constantly  working to ensure the engines of these transport  vehicles give maximum  output for given quantity  of fuel so as to reduce  consumption  which  is surely contributing to energy  conservation  as well as reducing  the cost of operation per kilometer.
However in order to give a big boost  to energy conservation  in transportation the final solution is stressing on energy efficient  electricity run vehicles i.e on electric  rechargeable batteries  power or solar power to  recharge the batteries. Many electric vehicles  are already  in use but the thrust has to be greater by making the vehicles  more affordable, easier on battery  charging with longer running time and more battery  charging  stations convenient to the users.There has to be more competition with more manufacturers coming into the market .Although petroleum -electric hybrid cars are also available, for real conservation  of fuel consumption Electric vehicle is the answer including  utility vehicles which  are already in use.



                                                                       Image source.

ACTIONS FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION.
GIVE A BOOST TO MAKING ELECTRICITY POWERED VEHICLES INCLUDING GOODS VEHICLES MORE EFFICIENT  IN EVERY ASPECT WITH MORE BATTERY  CHARGING STATIONS AND INCREASE THE DISTANCE TRAVELLED PER CHARGE AT A  GOOD SPEED AND AFFORDABLE VEHICLE TO  ATTRACT USERS.





                                                          Image source.



d)Cooking whether in the home,restaurant, canteen ,hotel or wherever is mostly done using LPG or cooking gas.This is found to be the most economical compared to electric powered  cooking  equipment like hot plates,electric coil heated ovens,microwave ovens etc.
ACTIONS  FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
We can contribute to energy  conservation  even when cooking by taking some easy steps like using a pressure cooker,glazed metal vessels, and lowering the gas flame when the contents  begin to boil and cook on simmer  heat with the  vessel closed.

                                            


                                                       Image source



 B)Energy  Conservation  using Electricity with actions.
Electric Power is the rate at which  electrical energy  is transferred  by an electric  current.
The unit of power  is watt or one joule per second. Electric power is produced by electric generators but can also be supplied by sources such as batteries.
Electrical energy  is  used  for various purposes as  follows.
1) Manufacturing  both for civil and defence needs is the largest consumer  of electricity.
2)Chemical and pharmaceutical  production.
3)Food processing and preservation of various food items using refrigeration.
4)Transportation viz. Trains, monorail, electric vehicles, etc
5)Lighting of homes,businesses,commercial  needs,office equipment etc
6)Comfort cooling in residences ,commercial  buildings,hotels,entertainment, etc,etc.)  Information  Technology and Digital equipment etc etc.and many other applications.



                                                          Image source.


(1)Manufacturing for Civil and Defence needs.
All manufacturing  activities  mostly  are operated  with electric motors ,transformers,and other electric gadgets at different voltages and power ratings.
Energy conservation  can be a achieved  by using  high efficiency  motors and operating at the machines at the rated output levels so as not to waste power that will result in excess power consumption .
2)Chemical & pharmaceutical manufacturing &3)Food processing and preservation.
In these industries the use of utilities like steam from boilers,cooling towers,reaction kettles,circulation pumps etc etc are used .Energy conservation can be achieved  by proper selection of mini boilers that can be run in series of one ,two  ,three etc as per demand of steam during the three shifts of the day. Selection of high efficiency   burners for the boilers ,good operating steam traps,no steam leakages in the steam power pipe line valves and joints.Good insulation  of the steam line will also avoid radiation losses .Also high efficiency  motors for pumps and other drives will also add to the savings in fuel.In the food processing  industry  where refrigeration  is important to use correctly rated and energy efficient star rated equipment for cooling and preservation and ensure good design and insulation  of storage areas to avoid loss of power used on the refrigeration  equipment.
ACTION S FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION in 1,2&3 above.
1)HIGH EFFICIENCY  BURNERS FOR MINI BOILERS INSTEAD PLACE OF ONE LARGE BOILERS.
2)GOOD STEAM TRAPS .3)NO LEAKAGES  IN STEAM VALVES AND JOINTS.
3)GOOD  INSULATION  OF STEAM LINES.
4)HIGH EFFICIENCY  PUMPS FOR UTILITIES.
5)USE HIGH EFFICIENCY MOTORS IN MOST APPLICATIONS AS PER AVAILABILITY.
6)ENSURE ENERGY EFFICIENT  STAR RATED EQUIPMENT  FOR REFRIGERATION  AND AIR CONDITIONING AND GOOD INSULATION 
OF THE PRESERVATION  FACILITY TO AVOID ENERGY LOSSES.






                                                  Image source.







                                                                 

                                                        Image source.


4)Transportation  including railways,metro,monorail,etc on rail.On road 2 wheelers,four wheelers ,forklifts, transport vehicles, transporting goods or people.
Railways  are large consumers  of electric power, therefore lots of energy can be conserved by using energy efficiency  motors and using high voltage alternating  current supply in the powering of locomotives and electrical multiple  units for transport  of passengers. This has already been done by the railways for some divisions they operate  on.Same study can be done for other transport  on rail to achieve  energy  conservation by those operating the same.
Transportation  by electric  passenger  vehicles running  on batteries must be given a boost  to reduce dependence on fossil fuels as well as helping the environment.


 ACTIONS FOR ENERGY  CONSERVATION.
USE HIGH OPERATING  VOLTAGE ALTERNATING CURRENT  SUPPLY AND ENERGY  EFFICIENCT    MOTORS  AND EFFICIENT OTHER  OPERATING EQUIPMENT.

                                       


                                                    LED LAMPS
                                   Image source
5)Lighting/illumination  of residences,business  ,street lighting,  powering of office  equipment etc etc
Electrical  Power is rate at which  electrical  energy  is transferred by electric current. The unit of power  is watt or one joule per second. Electric power  is produced  by an electric  generator or sources such as batteries.
The power needed for lighting  as indicated  above is essential  and without  which all business  activities  will come to a stand still  without  power . Therefore  many business  houses install fuel run generators to take  care of sudden power  failures. However we can achieve  energy  conservation in this requirement by some simple but effective measures as follows.By  conserving energy  on lighting we are reducing the need for generation  of electricity  using fossil  fuels and thereby reducing  pollution  and carbon footprint that will help reduce  depletion of the ozone layer. Therefore  resorting to renewable sources of energy like  Solar and wind energy is needed  for maximum energy  conservation and we must give them a boost.

ACTIONS  FOR  ENERGY  CONSERVATION FOR LIGHTING.
1)SERIOUSLY CONSIDER  USING ONLY CFL/ LED LAMPS  IN THE LAYOUT OF LIGHT  FITTINGS  IN THE OFFICE  AREA RIGHT AT THE INTERIOR  OF OFFICE DESIGN  STAGE ITSELF. IF FLUORESCENT LIGHTING IS A MUST THEN USE ELECTRONIC CHOKES FOR ENERGY  CONSERVATION.
2) MAKE THE RIGHT  SELECTION  OF WATTAGE  OF LAMPS AND SPACING OF LAMPS  AND ALSO TYPE OF LAMPS THAT  WILL GIVE MAXIMUM  ILLUMINATION WITHOUT ANY BARRIERS .
3)PROVIDE  THE REQUIRED  LEVEL  OF LUX  ILLUMINATION  AS PER THE NEED AT THE WORK PLACE  TO BARE MINIMUM RECOMMENDED BY LIGHTING  EXPERTS.
4)PROVIDE  CONVENIENT  SWITCHING SYSTEM SO THAT EMPLOYEES  CAN SWITCH  OFF WHEN  LIGHTS ARE NOT NEEDED  DUE TO SUFFICIENT  DAY LIGHT  OR NO  ONE PRESENT IN THE OFFICE.
5)PROVIDE ENERGY CONSERVATION  GADGETS AVAILABLE. TO REDUCE POWER CONSUMPTION FOR THE ENTIRE FLOOR  AT THE PANEL BOARD.
6)STUDY THE OPTION OF HARNESSING SOLAR ENERGY  IF SOLAR  PANELS CAN BE PROVIDED ON THE TERRACE  OF THE BUILDING AFTER DUE STUDY OF ECONOMICS ,PROS&CONS.
6) EDUCATE THE WORKING  STAFF ON NEED FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION.

                                   

               Image source.









COMFORT COOLING DONE BY AIR CONDITIONING.
Conditioning of the properties of air viz temperature and humidity by external  factors is referred to Air Conditioning. It is mainly done for comfort  cooling in places  where people reside, work,study,travel,relax, or spend leisure time to get comfort  from the ambient high temperature or humidity due to weather or working conditions.
Air conditioning  gives an ambience that enables the persons present to be very comfortable that helps to concentrate and put it more effort in whatever is being done.
When providing  Air conditioning for any closed area energy  conservation  can be achieved by the following  actions.
ACTIONS TO ENSURE ENERGY  CONSERVATION IN COMFORT COOLING.
1)Make a list of all the heat loads in the room whether  occupied  by number of persons or equipment like motors,computers, printers,xerox machines, microwave equipment, tea coffee machines, etc etc.
2)Check that the room/premises does not have any leakages for air and the sunlight is prevented  if direct on glazing  by Sun Control film.
3)Calculate the volume  of the room or enclosed  space and get an Air  Conditioning expert to decide  on the Tonnage needed to provide  comfort  cooling  after he also is given  the total heat loads of the room.
4)Select only energy  efficient  Air conditioning  equipment  with ERR. Rating closer to 5 to save on energy  consumption and power  costs on an ongoing  benefit.
Energy  Efficiency  of an air conditioner depends on two factors ie Cooling  Capacity (in BTU ) and Power  Consumption  (in Watts)
1Ton cooling capacity  should  be 12000BTUs&1.5 Tons 1800BTUs.
Star rating is based on EER of an AC.
EER=COOLING CAPACITY IN BTU DIVIDE BY POWER CONSUMPTION IN WATTS.
THE HIGHER THE RATIO HIGHER IS STARTING RATING FROM 1TO

SOME REALLY GOOD ENERGY SAVING PRODUCTS WORTH BUYING TO HELP CONSERVE ENERGY AND REDUCE YOUR POWER BILLS.               

To be continued. ENERGY  CONSERVATION WITH ACTIONS-- PART 3